Процитирую ещё один отличный отрывок из книги B.N.K. Sharma "Madhva's Teachings in His Own Words", о которой я писала в прошлом посте:
"The aim of philosophy, according to Madhva, should be not merely to realize the distinction between appearance and reality but to understand and realize the more important distinction between the 'Independent Reality' and 'dependent realities' [т.е. Сватантры и паратантры в классической терминологии Шри Мадхва-Ачарьи].
He is not an uncritical realist who takes everything to be real. He is not also a sentimental idealist who denies all but one reality. He is a rational realist who admits whatever is established on the uncontradicted evidence of Pramanas - the senses, the mind and the Sākṣi, in addition to reason and Revelation.
He introduces a new element of value into the theory of Pramānas, as such, through his concept of Sākṣi, whose nature and scope would be explained later.
This Sākṣi is man's highest instrument of all valid knowledge and experience. The knowledge derived through senses is open to examination and introspection by Sākṣi, and once it is 'passed' by the Sākṣi, it remains incontrovertible and uncontradictable. This point will be adverted to, later.
Thus, it is on the evidence of 'Sākṣi-pratyakṣa' which is essentially an internal experience of judgment and values that the reality of world-experience, in the broadest sense of the term, is upheld by Madhva". [страница 28]
